Babesiosis is caused by parasites in the genus Babesia. More than 100 species have been reported but only a few have been identified as causing human infections, including B. microti, B. divergens, B. duncani. B. microti is responsible for most infections in the U.S.
Human babesiosis is endemic in the northeastern coastal areas of the country, with cases also reported in New Jersey, Virginia, Maryland, California, Washington, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Missouri, Georgia, and Mexico.
The tick vector, Ixodes scapularis, also transmits Lyme disease.
Disease Prevention
Learn about steps that can be taken to help prevent mosquito and tick bites and ways to maximize protection against vector-borne illnesses.
Symptoms
Many Babesia infections are thought to be asymptomatic. Among those who become sick, symptoms tend to appear between 1-4 weeks after a tick bite and include fever, headache, chills, and muscle weakness.
More severe cases are seen in the elderly and those with compromised immune systems.
Treatment
If you have babesiosis, there is effective treatment. You usually do not need treatment if you have no symptoms or signs of babesiosis. Talk with your health care provider for more information.
Information for Health Care Providers
Babesiosis is not considered a significant human health issue in Florida. However, it is important to be aware of the disease as human cases continue to be diagnosed in northeastern states. As of 2017, Babesiosis is a reportable disease in Florida.
Disease Reporting Requirement
All practitioners, health care facilities, and laboratories in Florida are required to notify the Florida Department of Health of diseases or conditions of public health significance under section 381.0031, Florida Statutes, and Chapter 64D-3, Florida Administrative Code.